Anselm s Ontological Argument On The Existence Of God

Anselm’s Ontological argument sets out to not only prove God’s existence, but to show that God’s existence is self-evident. Similar to other ontological arguments, it uses a priori knowledge to argue its validity, meaning that the propositions made are derived from internal reasoning instead of sense experience. The argument begins with Anselm defining the term God as â€Å"that, than which nothing greater can be conceived† (pg.26). Although simple, once this term is accepted Anselm believes he has successfully proven the existence of God. This becomes clearer with further analysis. If God is a being that, than which nothing greater can be conceived, it naturally follows that God would possess all properties of greatness. An example of this would be omnipotence. Omnipotence would be such a property because it is greater to have ultimate power than to have limited power, therefore, God being the greatest conceivable being would possess the property of omnip otence. Likewise, it is greater for something to exist in both reality and the mind, than to exist only in the mind. Thus, just as omnipotence was ascribed to God so must the property of existence, for if God did not exist, he would be lacking a great making property, and consequently would be only a great being, but not the greatest conceivable being. Existence being am inherent property of God’s essence is why Anselm believes God’s existence to be self-evident. However, as Anselm states â€Å"the fool has said in his heart, ThereShow MoreRelatedValidity And Effectiveness Of Anselm s Ontological Argument On The Existence Of God1095 Words   |  5 Pagesexamining the validity and effectiveness of Anselm s Ontological Argument on the existence of God. I will begin by presenting Anselm’s Ontological Argument from the ground up. This includes the argument, basic idea, initial assumptions, Anselm’s definition of god, and Anselm s distinctions which are needed to completely understand the nature of my argument. Furthermore, I will present concepts of logic and define what makes an argument valid, and circular argument because they are necessary for understandingRead MoreThe Existence Of God : Ontological Argument Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesThe question of the existence of God has troubled mankind for t housands of years. Many philosophers and theologians have always searched for prove whether God exists. Many of them constructed valid arguments which support theist believes. The existence of God was once never denied, as His presence, His existence was evident in miracles and the people s faith. But time and the advancement of modern science have called God and His very nature into question. The Perfect Being has become the sourceRead MoreThe First Chapter Of Anselm s Argument961 Words   |  4 Pages The first chapter of Anselm s Monologian focuses on Anselm s argument that there is something that is the best, the greatest, the highest, of all existing things. It is through this unknown something that all things possess their goodness. According to the argument he puts forth, the goodness of things in this world must be caused and must therefore stem from one thing that is good, or from many. If goods can be comparable as goods, it follows that there must be some general and uni fied way ofRead MoreExploring the Ontological Argument1746 Words   |  7 PagesExploring the Ontological Argument For nearly a thousand years, the ontological argument has captured the attention of philosophers. The ontological argument was revolutionary in its sequence from thought to reality. It was an argument that did not require any corresponding experiment in reality; it functioned without the necessity of empirical data. Despite flaws and problems found in some ontological arguments and the objections raised to those arguments, ontological arguments still provide aRead MoreAnshelm ¬Ã‚ ¥s Proof of God ¬Ã‚ ¥s Existence1466 Words   |  6 PagesThe question about the existence of God or, more generally speaking, of a supernatural entity that steers the course of the world, is probably as old as humanity itself. Many great philosophers were concerned with this basic and yet so important question which remains to be a controversial issue to this day! In the following I will commit myself to the above-mentioned question by firstly reconstructing Anselm ´s proof of God ´s existence an d secondly considering his position in the light of the critiqueRead MoreOntological Argument For The Existence Of God1083 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscuss the argument of Anselms ontological argument for the existence of god. His basis of his argument being an analytical breakdown for the reason fot gods exsistence. While also establishing that Anselms inferences found with his use of deduction and logical means to prove the existence of a higher being are indeed true. In addition I will defend Anselms argument by depicting other people’s objections against his argument. Specifically the argument made by Gaunilo, who disagreed with Anselms argumentRead MoreThe Arguments For The Existence Of God1056 Words   |  5 Pages16 November 2015 Rough Draft for The arguments for the Existence of God. The question Does God Exist? is a well-known asked question in the world. Most people believe they know the answer to it. The religious people would say, well of course he does, while the non-religious people or atheist would say no He does not exist. Because evil exist and chaos exists, God cannot be all-powerful. In the modern world, there are many different opinions as to whether a God exists or not. This has been an issueRead MoreThe Argument Of The Existence Of God1480 Words   |  6 PagesThe arguments trying to â€Å"prove† the existence of God are by far some of the most controversial philosophical arguments out there. When some of the people who created these philosophies it was illegal or even punishable by death to even question his existence, let alone try to come up with a logical explanation to â€Å"prove† he is real. The two main arguments used today are the ontological argument and the cosmological argument. Neither one of these arguments are correct nor incorrect; moreover, theRead MoreEssay on Anselm’s Ontological Argument1217 Words   |  5 PagesThe ontological argument for God’s existence is a work of art resulting from philosophical argumentation. An ontological argument for the existence of God is one that attempts the method of a priori proof, which utilizes intuition and reason alone. The term a priori refers to deductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning is the type of reasoning that proceeds from general principles or premises to derive particular information. The argument works by examining the concept of God, and arguing that it impliesRead MoreOntological Argument Is Not Reliant On An Posteriori933 Words   |  4 Pages Ontological Argument Saint Anselm created the â€Å"Ontological Argument†. Saint Anselm was the archbishop of Canterbury. The premise of Saint Anselm’s Ontological Argument is that, no greater being can be conceived than God. The Ontological Argument is an a priori or deductive argument. An a priori argument does not have to be supported by real or factual evidence just by reason without observation. Thus, the Ontological Argument is not reliant on an a posteriori premise. An a posteriori argument

The Ku Klux Klan And The Civil War - 1186 Words

Yes: Shawn Lay rejects the view of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) as a radical fringe group comprised of marginal men and instead characterizes the KKK of the 1920s as a mainstream, grassroots organization that promoted traditional values of law, order, and social morality that appealed to Americans across the nation. No: Thomas Pegram, on the other hand, recognizes that Klansmen were often average members of their communities, but this did not prevent most Americans from denouncing the organization’s commitment to White supremacy, xenophobia, religious intolerance, and violence as contradictory to the values of a pluralistic society. Throughout history there have been three Ku Klux Klan’s. The first one was the Reconstruction-era Klan, which†¦show more content†¦Out of the three Klan’s, the one that he believes was the most mainstream was the Klan of the 1920s. One point that Shawn Lay makes is that at the peak of the Klan’s popularity if had acquired over four million members across the United States which he believed to be to high of a number to not be considered mainstream. He explains that even during the time in our country where we had widespread illiteracy there were very few people that haven’t heard of the Klan. He also makes several points tha t Americans would agree that no other organization except for the Klan could present such dark forces, racism and religious bigotry in the United States. Another good point that Shawn Lay makes is that many people agreed with the Klan’s views during WWI and it had the possibility to be considered a major influence during this time period. In the late 1920s the Klan’s social and political influence started to decline. One reason for this decline was because of a Klan Leader in Indiana named David C. Stephenson who was put on trial for murder. One of the last points that Lay makes is that even after the time period that the Klan had spread across the United States and became very popularly, it is still considered a historical enigma. A man named Thomas Pegram disagrees with Shawn Lay a believes that the Ku Klux Klan was not a mainstream organization. He thinks to consider the Klan of the 1920s as mainstream is an overstatement. He statesShow MoreRelatedThe Ku Klux Klan And The Civil War1296 Words   |  6 PagesThe Ku Klux Klan was founded in 1866 in Pulaski, Tennessee and expanded to almost every southern state by 1870. The Ku Klux Klan started off as a social group full of Confederate Veteran’s. The first two words of their group came from the Greek word â€Å"kyklos† which means circle. They selected their first leader in the summer of 1867 who was Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest! This group started after the Civil War during Reconstruction. Violence from the Ku Klux Klan started in 1867 afterRead MoreKu Klux Klan And The Civil War926 Words   |  4 PagesKu Klux Klan During the Reconstruction Era, Congress passed many laws to provide equal rights to people of color. But at the local level, specifically in the South, many Democrats took the law into their own hands. They supported the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) hoping to restore the pre-Civil War social hierarchy. The texts in Going to the Source illustrate two groups of individuals who opposed the KKK. In testimonies given by white witnesses, Republicans from the North felt the KKK posed a political andRead MoreFollowing The Defeat Of The Confederacy In 1865, Nathan790 Words   |  4 Pagesheld in high regards in the south as a â€Å"War Hero†. It was reported that he had twenty-nine horse shot out from under him, killed or wounded thirty soldiers in hand-to-hand combat, and being wounded four separate times himself.1 The Ku Klux Klan was already in existence when they offered him a position of command in the fight against reconstruction and corruption that came with it. Forrest held the title o f â€Å"Grand Wizard†, but would eventually disbanded the Klan due to excessive violence that counteredRead MoreThe Ku Klux Klan During World War I1551 Words   |  7 Pagescontroversy, and new attitudes will always have opposition. The Ku Klux Klan, which had died out in the 1870s, rose again to combat the turmoil that the nation was experiencing during World War I. The group came out resilient and often deadly, and members had influence in the United States that had not been witnessed before. Therefore, the second Ku Klux Klan that emerged during World War I was much more powerful than its former manifestation. The Klan arose because of social changes such as the increasingRead MoreThe Role of the Ku Klux Klan in U.S. Society Essay1162 Words   |  5 PagesThe Role of the Ku Klux Klan in U.S. Society Originally, the Ku Klux Klan was founded immediately after the Civil war and lasted until the 1870’s, after which it collapsed. The Klan was then reformed in 1915 and is still conducting till the present day. The Activists had set up for many different reasons, the foremost ones being, to create a business or rather as a ‘social club’, invite members who were anti-Civil war and of course to restore white supremacy after theirRead MoreThe Historical Significance of the Ku Klux Klan Essays866 Words   |  4 PagesThe Historical Significance of the Ku Klux Klan The Ku Klux Klan organization is very important in history but unfortunately it was a bad group of people who where racist. Also the end of the Civil war is a very significant part of history. As the struggle of blacks for freedom came to an end, a new form of struggle began to form. Political, social, and economic gains of blacks after the Civil war became really frightening!! The idea of whites loosing superiority over blacks feltRead MoreThe Fourteenth Amendment945 Words   |  4 Pagesratification altered the balance of state and federal power. It prevented states from denying basic civil rights and gave Congress power to implement its assurance of liberty and equality. Despite that each state was required to approve the Fourteenth Amendment which granted â€Å"equal protection† of the Constitution to former slaves, the Ku Klux Klan did not honor this protection. Not only didn’t the Klan disregard the Fourteenth Amendment, the Supreme Court also bec ame unsympathetic to the rights ofRead MoreReconstruction’s Failure to Bring Social and Economic Equality625 Words   |  3 Pagestime just after the Civil War. The Reconstruction failed to bring about social and economic equality to the former slaves due to the southern whites’ resentful and bitter outlook on the matter, the Ku Klux Klan, and the Jim Crow laws. After the Civil War, the southern whites were extremely resentful and bitter. In 1865 the southern states began issuing â€Å"black codes,† which were laws made subsequent to the Civil War that had the effect of limiting the civil rights and civil liberties of blacksRead MoreTaking a Look at the Ku Klux Klan892 Words   |  4 PagesThe Ku Klux Klan was known as the biggest hate group in American History, and they are responsible for thousands of innocent blacks’ deaths. The Ku Klux Klan made it very hard for the blacks, Catholics, Jews, immigrants, and homosexuals to live a normal life. The Klan made them live in fear. The Ku Klux Klan was a racial hate group in the south that made sure blacks did not get any civil rights. Members in the Ku Klux Klan believed whites were superior to other races. The KKK hated the blacks becauseRead MoreThe Resurgence Of The Kkk944 Words   |  4 PagesThe Resurgence of the KKK Racism has been deep-rooted in American history. Racism that arose in the 1920s involved infamous race riots, lynching, the Sweet Case, and the rise of the Ku Klux Klan. However, out of all these other factors, the Ku Klux Klan has left a huge impact on American history. To begin, there were many ways to show racism but, race riots were most common. One of the most famous race riots happened in Tulsa, Oklahoma. On the thirty first of May till the first of June in 1921

Persistence Discrimination China Evidence -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Persistence Discrimination China Evidence? Answer: Introduction Numbers of gender discrimination laws and court rulings have already legitimated the right of a woman of getting equality; however there is still subtle chauvinist behavior within work place which is quite adequate to tell the women work force that they are not equal. It has been eventually observed that reshaping the organizational strategies is a major tool for achieving the gender equality within the work places. Considering the issues with gender equality, it can be said that each person deserves to be treated as an equal one without any consideration of their gender differences (Comim Nussbaum, 2014). There should always be equal opportunity for both female and male employees as there should not be any kind of obstructions within the political, social and economic spheres based on the gender. The organizations should address these issues immediately and have an organizational culture that welcomes everyone (Verloo, 2016). Arrium is an organization operating in the manufacturing and mining industry. There are around 11000 employees who are dealing with different sectors such as consumables, mining and steel. Considering the business of Arrium and the recycling and industrial department, OneSteel has also got some difficult deals in managing the relations amongst employees which supports the essence of gender equality. The administration of the organization is fighting with this issue as they also want to promote their female employees. Most of the female employees of the organization are placed in higher positions, even though there is still no female employee in the engineering, superintendence or management. Therefore, this report has analyzed the case and made recommendations that can be implemented in the organization so that the management can enhance the gender equality. Scope of the problem: It can be seen from the given figure that only 11.7% of the employees are female even though the organization has implemented policies in order to enhance the gender equality within the organization. The major issues with the gender equality issues are the gender discrimination on the basis of gender, wag gap between the genders and the differentiation of performances. As within the manufacturing sector, the job is associated with working in a boiling hot and dirt place and it requires physical work (Petersen et al., 2014). However, now the job does not require much physical work compared to before, but still the stereotypical work culture does not support the female employees. There is still a common idea that the female workers are less efficient than the male ones in such heavy industry. Recommendations: Other than the pre-determined government policies, the organization should also implement some of their own policies which will promote their image and ensure that the company also supports gender equality within the work place (Woodhams, Lupton Xian, 2009). Eventually this will create a positive environment for all the employees irrespective of their gender. The recommendations for this issue are discussed below: Acknowledge the qualities of female employees As over the year the issue of gender equality has become a prevalent issue in the organizations, it is quite necessary for the organizations to represent female employees in front of the world. If the organization represents more women in the work force, they can promote gender equality more (Hacker, 2017). Therefore the organization can promote it by creating a group of star female employees who can advocate for the organization. This may not have any significant impact on any short term basis, but it can be sustainable on a long term basis. Women and men work in two different ways. Especially in the heavy industry, there is already a saying that female workers are less competent than the male workers (Cooke, 2003). Therefore, it is necessary for the organization to promote the qualified female employees in front of other staffs, so that they can be motivated and at the same time gender equality is promoted (Huang Lowry, 2015). If the management of OneSteel can locate the powerful performers and promote them, it is also possible that the other female employees are motivated to perform more. In addition to that the potential female candidates may also feel safe with such acknowledgments. There are several women employees who tend to miss the chance or any great opportunity as they are considered to be under qualified. At the same time, there are several instances that the men are promoted to a position where they are not supposed to be (Huang Lowry, 2015). OneSteel should not encourage such discriminatory ideas and they can actively encourage the female employees for taking more chances and grab the opportunities. There should be adequate support on behalf of the management so that the female employees can build their confidence and go for the chances. Implement policies for improving the organizational culture Elwr et al., (2013) has indicated that the separation of gender is a huge issue for the organization. Even if there is lot of promotions for the gender equality, sometimes there are subtle behaviors within the organizational culture that does not match the company policy. According to Atkinson (2017) the female experts and specialists in Australia report more gender discriminatory attitude than the low level occupations. However, it can be also seen that most of the organizational environments tend to filled up with the comparison between the male and female employee while indicating the actions of the male employees are more effective than that of females. Therefore, in this case, the management of Arrium should reevaluate the culture and behavior of OneSteel and implement proper policies to improve the organizational culture. The company should also provide proper training and development session to the employees regarding these matters. If the organization wants to promote gender equality seriously within the organization, they have to be very clear and transparent about it (Kaushik, Sharma Kumar Kaushik, 2014). The management has to have a clear message that they are not going to tolerate any sexist attitude within the organization and they have to be very strict about it. Having open discussion regarding such issues between the male and female employees can be very effective (Strachan, French Burgess, 2010). If the women employees are speaking their heart out and stating their issues, it is a lot easier to deal with the problems. Also, the male employees tend to understand the issues if those are discussed openly (Barak, 2016). OneSteel should organize open discussion forums where the employees can come and talk about their experiences and the others can learn from it. . Ensure that there is no gender gap and disparity For promoting the gender equality within the organization, it is necessary to pay the same to both the genders. Disparity in payment and gender gap are two prominent issues that act as a catalyst to the ongoing gender inequality (Tatli, Ozturk Woo, 2017). Therefore OneSteel should immediately revise its pay structure and pay all the employees equally and fairly on the basis of their experience level, not on the basis of their gender. The time has changed where women only had two or three specific roles to play in the business. In order to empower the female work force, the management should bring a unique and different perspective to the organization and celebrate the working powers (Doucet, 2015). Instead of giving the clichd roles to the women that are being played by men for over a decade, the organization can also start thinking about new job roles that create benchmarks. If the organization wants real equality to happen, it is very much necessary to implement the policies to a ll the levels. Implementing policies at the higher level can act as a huge motivational force for the employees. Therefore this may also have a positive impact on the retention policy and the organizational culture. Potential risks and benefits Implementing policies may have some risks and benefits at the same time. If the organization wants to implement several policies for empowering the women force, it is also possible that the male employees tend to feel neglected (Doucet, 2015). However, it is always about the aim of having equal chances for both the genders. Therefore, there is always a risk of taking undue advantage of the policies by some women employees. Therefore the management should ensure that while they are empowering female work force, they are not degrading the male force. There are other benefits of promoting a brand image in front of the world; therefore the company will be benefitted in the long term. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be said that the management of the organization have to implement some policies that should keep the balance of gender. It has been observed several times that the organization, Arrium experiences a serious gender gap. Therefore, this essay has evaluated the issue and the existing gender difference while it has also provided various recommendations that can be implemented within the culture. The culture has also triggered the changed behavior. If the organization starts implementing the recommendations, soon they will be enhancing the women power within the organizational culture. Reference list Agenor, P. R., Canuto, O. (2015). Gender equality and economic growth in Brazil: a long-run analysis.Journal of Macroeconomics,43, 155-172. Atkinson, J. (2017). Shared Parental Leave in the UK: can it advance gender equality by changing fathers into co-parents?.International Journal of Law in Context, 1-13. Barak, M. E. M. (2016).Managing diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace. Sage Publications. Comim, F., Nussbaum, M. C. (Eds.). (2014).Capabilities, Gender, Equality: towards fundamental entitlements. Cambridge University Press. Cooke, F.L. (2003b). Equal Opportunity? The role of legislation and public policies in womens employment in China, Women in Management Review, 16 (7), pp. 334-48. Doucet, A., 2015. Parental responsibilities: Dilemmas of measurement and gender equality.Journal of marriage and family,77(1), pp.224-242. Elwr, S., Harryson, L., Bolin, M., Hammarstrm, A. (2013). Patterns of gender equality at workplaces and psychological distress.PloS one,8(1), e53246. Hacker, S. (2017).Pleasure, power and technology: Some tales of gender, engineering, and the cooperative workplace(Vol. 5). Routledge. Huang, Y., Lowry, D. T. (2015). Toward Better Gender Equality? Portrayals of Advertising Models Occupational Status in Chinese Magazines.Journal of International Consumer Marketing,27(1), 69-83. Kaushik, N., Sharma, A., Kumar Kaushik, V. (2014). Equality in the workplace: a study of gender issues in Indian organisations.Journal of Management Development,33(2), 90-106. Petersen, T., Penner, A. M., Hgsnes, G. (2014). From motherhood penalties to husband premia: The new challenge for gender equality and family policy, lessons from Norway.American Journal of Sociology,119(5), 1434-1472. Strachan, G., French, E. Burgess, J. (2010) Managing diversity in Australia : Theory and practice, McGraw-Hill, North Ryde. Tatli, A., Ozturk, M. B., Woo, H. S. (2017). Individualization and marketization of responsibility for gender equality: the case of female managers in China.Human Resource Management,56(3), 407-430. Verloo, M. M. T. (2016). Mainstreaming gender equality in Europe: a critical frame analysis. Woodhams, C., Lupton, B. Xian, H. (2009) The persistence of gender discrimination in China - evidence from recruitment advertisements. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20 (10), October, pp. 2084-2109.

The World Through Words an Example by

The World Through Words I have discovered about myself or the world around me via interfacing with the written word from a statement of the Scott Peck (1978) that Life is difficult. This simple statement has a very profound meaning for me at is has revealed to me many truths and I would say has helped me recover from what I may describe as a pit of depression. In pondering upon the statement that life is difficult I had found explanation for many of my situations in life. I found the purpose of problems in life. I have realized that since problems are realities which must be faced, I became more forward-looking on how I will face each responsibility each day. I came to see challenges in every problem that I encounter as I found deeper meaning in life. Need essay sample on "The World Through Words" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed To realize that life is difficult helped me to realize the deeper truth about the reality of dying starting from birth. Before discovering this great truth, I used to have that notion that every birth is a new beginning. But as I age in life, I found that life becomes really more difficult and hence dying must have started hence the life is difficult become paradoxically true. Life is so meaningful because although the reality of reaching the final point is accepted by the mind, there is another truth which asks the question of how to maximize then that travel through life given the stages and processes that man passes through. Given therefore the realization of lifes definiteness, a set of priorities come into play. This compels any right thinking person therefore to reflect which really is more important than others? Is it the riches? Is it achievement? Is it the family? Or, is it the spiritual thing? One cannot just have enough time to write so many questions that pops up then fro m the mind because it also a reality that one may not even have enough time to answer all these questions. But going back again to that reality that a priority is needed to be set, I was in my perfect agreement with my senses that I need to be addressing first what I needed now or at present, which is more important from any other point in time even the future. For in bridging the present, the past, the present and the future, it is the present where I am now and it is the point where I could do most to reflect from the past while trying to contemplate about the future. People who are living with the present are the ones who need not unnecessarily burdened with what the dark past may have implanted as a consequence of encountering unpleasant things at times. They are also the people who are perfectly guided with an internal compass that points them to realizing their full potentials. Given what I feel at the time of this writing, I believed I am such of kind of person who must living in the great present with the benefit of leaning from my past as well at with the hopeful anticipation of my great future although I know that life is difficult. Having decided therefore that the present is more important among the three points in time, I have now a starting point to satisfy that need that now feels inside of me. That need inside of me longs for meaning too as the mind keeps functioning to supply the needs of my being. That mind asks me the following questions: What do you need now? If your needs is satisfied, what do you do next? The answer readily is quick for the other part of the mind just takes these questions subconsciously as it works completing something that it finds doing. To conclude, it may be states that simple words found in that comes from interaction on text just give a lot of meaning and sense of direction. They are so profound that I have found time to relate them with the great things that are presently happening in one mind. One can only say that no words can express completely express that these words may make upon ones life. As for me , my discovery that life is difficult has made me a more matured and more responsible person. Seeing my definiteness is something that I should be humble for. It is an easy way of finding self sense of purpose and acceptance. Having the sense of purpose would simply put many things in proper perspective since I may now express my values and may now aim at fulfilling them. Attaining this sense for me is one of the greatest truths that may just be learned in learning from the simple encounter with written text. Self acceptance (Long, 1993) for me is also one of the purposes of a fully functioning person. For me it is what is discovered by having self-knowledge (Jopling,2000) as a result of accomplishing a sense of purpose. By being able to accept one-self, everything else follows. Acceptance generate realism in ones strength and weakness to face the great challenges of life. It is also involves accepting the possibility of committing mistakes from the experiences of being youth and learning to grow from these truths. A person who does not know his or her strengths and weakness is a person who is who will be unconvinced of himself or herself of what he or she could actually do with confidence. To paint more graphically, he or she will be like a general that is going to war without knowing how many are his men and arms and ammunitions remaining after an encounter with the first group of enemy. For failing to count his capabilities this general would unnecessarily putting the life of his soldiers in the line of fire to be annihilated defenselessly. A defenseless person is a person that lacks the skills to face the great challenges through life. His or her failure to have seen and realized that life is difficult will cause such person to miss lifes sense purpose and self-acceptance. When problems will come to that person, he or she may not be able to face with a smile and understand that they are all part of the process that must be conquered each day. Reference: Jopling , D. (2000) Self-Knowledge and the Self ; Routledge, 2000 Long, V. (1993), Masculinity, Femininity, and Male Scientists' Self-Esteem and Self-Acceptance; Journal of Psychology, Vol. 127, 1993 Peck, Scott M., (1978) The Road Less Travelled, Simon and Schuster, New York